“Challenges and Prospects of Information and
Communication Technology Based Services and Its Impact in Library in Digital
Era”
Ramanik S. Lengure
(Librarian)
Renuka College,Nagpur
Cell. No. 942086904
Abstracts:
The paper
presents the some of the Role of ICT which related Challenges and Prospect of Information
and Communication Technology Based Services and Its Impact in Library in
Digital Era.
The paper gives
an overview of various tools and techniques of Information Technology as well
as those of Information and Communication Technology like computers,
Information networks, Internet etc. It
also discusses the the challenges and prospects in future ways in which all
these new method have affected the entire face of the libraries and information
centers in term of information generation, its processing, its storage methods,
retrieval of information and its dissemination. How the traditional forms of
information services have been augmented using computers, World Wide Web and
information networks paving way to new forms of information services has also
been elaborated upon. It also discusses various advantages offered by ICT and
also the challenges being faced by the information managers in the Digital
Era.
Keywords:
Information Communication Technology
Introduction:-
This is a digital world. In this digital era everyday
new technological advances affect the way information is handled in libraries
and information centres. The impacts of new technologies are felt by libraries
in every aspect. Computing technology, communication technology and mass
storage technology are some of the areas of continuous development that reshape
the way that libraries access, retrieve, store, manipulate and disseminate
information to users. The academic library has been from its inception an
integral part of institutions of higher learning, rather than an appendix or
adjunct.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
has brought unprecedented changes and transformation to academic library and
information services, conventional LIS such as OPAC, users services, reference
services, bibliographic services, current awareness services, Document
delivery, interlibrary loan, Audio visual services and customer relations can
be provided more efficiently and effectively using ICT, as they offer
convenient time, place, cost effectiveness, faster and most-up-to-date
dissemination and end users involvement in the library and information services
process. The impact of ICT characterized on information services by changes in
format, contents and method of production and contents and method of production
and delivery of information products. Emergence of internet as the largest
repository of information and knowledge, changed role of library and
information science professionals from intermediary to facilitator, new tools
for dissemination of information and shift from physical to virtual services
environment and extinction of some conventional information services and
emergence of new and innovation web based.
Libraries and information centers
have been using ICT based resources and services to satisfy the diverse
information needs of their users.
However, these resources and services are not utilized fully. Under utilizations of these resources and
services has been a cause of concern to libraries worldwide. The use of information and communication
technologies has become increasingly important in libraries. The libraries are switching over to ICT based
resources and services at an accelerated pace.
E-Journals, CD-Rom, databases, online databases, e-book, web based resources
and a variety of other electronic resources are fist replacing the traditional
resources of libraries.
It’s a
digital age very challenges and difficult about information. There is huge
information spread in this world. But impact of ICT solved every problems and
every field. The above title focus on Challenges and prospects of Information
and communication technology based services and its impact in library in
digital era
ICT Word:-
Information and Communications
Technology or ICT,
is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is a more
specific term that stresses the role of unified communications[1]
and the integration of telecommunications (telephone
lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware,
storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit,
and manipulate information.
The term ICT is now also
used to refer to the convergence of audio-visual and telephone
networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link
system. There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to
elimination of the telephone network) to merge the audio-visual, building
management and telephone network with the computer network system using a
single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management. The ICT Development Index compares the level of
ICT use and access across the world. [1]
ICT
- What is it?
You see the letters ICT
everywhere - particularly in education. But what does it mean? Read our brief
introduction to this important and fast-changing subject.
ICT is an acronym that stands
for Information Communications Technology
ICT
covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmits or receives
information electronically in a digital form.
For example, personal computers, digital television, email, robots.
So ICT is concerned with the storage,
retrieval, manipulation, transmission
or receipt of digital data. Importantly, it is also concerned
with the way these different uses can work with each other. [2]
ICT includes the
range of hardware and software devices and programmes such as personal
computers, assistive technology, scanners, digital cameras, multimedia
programmes, and image editing software, database and spreadsheet programmes. It
also includes the communications equipment through which people seek and access
information including the Internet, email and video conferencing.
The use of ICT in appropriate
contexts in education can add value in teaching and learning, by enhancing the
effectiveness of learning, or by adding a dimension to learning that was not
previously available. ICT may also be a significant motivational factor in
students’ learning, and can support students’ engagement with collaborative
learning. [3]
ICT Metamorphosis Concept:-
It’s
a new coming and growing digital concept. It is a digital, Technical, It
related, Computer related. Information
and Communication technologies(ICTs)- which include radio and television, as
well as newer digital technologies such as computers and the Internet-have been
touted as potentially powerful enabling tools for educational change and
reform. When used appropriately,
different ICT are said to help expand access to education, strengthen the
relevance of education to the increasingly digital workplace, and raise
educational quality by, among others, helping make teaching and learning into
an into an engaging, active process connected to real life. So it’s a metamorphosis.
INFORMATION:-
Shera, information is that it is transmitted
by the act or process of communication; it assumes a response in the receiving
organism and therefore, possesses response potential. According to Shannon and
Weaver “Information is any stimulus that reduces uncertainty”. Another definition by Chin-chin Chen and
Peter Hernon defines information as “all knowledge, ideas, facts, data and
imaginative works of mind which are communicated formally and or informally in
any format”. Its motivations are
inherently utilitarian. It is
instrumental and it usually is communicated in an organized or formalized pattern,
mainly because such formalization increases potential utility.
CONCEPT
OF COMMUNICATION:-
Communication means above varied
phenomena are represented by one particular word-communication. This makes us assume that all of them have
something in common by virtue of which they are represented by the same
word. The connecting thread appears to
be the idea of something being transferred from one thing or person, to another.’
in a broad way of the term can be specify as information communication in a
broad sense of the term includes not merely transference of information in the
conventional sense, but also, the expression of feelings, wishes, commands,
desires or whatever it may be.
TECHNOLOGY:-
The noble scientist Murthy say about
the technology is operative for many environmental field of science technology
such as library management, library automation, library network, reprography
and technical communication. The term of
information technology is widely used for the same in France and Informatics is
widely used in Russia and other socialist countries.
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY:-
According to the Webster’s new
encyclopedia, “Information Technology is collective term for various
technologies involved in the processing and transmission of information. It includes computing telecommunications and
microelectronics”. ALA Glossary says that “Information Technology is that
application of computers and technologies to the acquisition, processing, storage,
retrieval and dissemination of information”. [4]
Components
of Information Technology
Data, Information ,Computers,
Software, Mass, Networking
What
is ICT?
Information technology can play an
important role in the effective learning process of students engaged in higher
studies The term ICT describes the use of computer based technology and the
internet to make information and communications services available to wide a
range of users. ICT are hardware and software that enable society to create,
collect, consolidate and communicate information in multimedia formats and for
various purposes. The term is used
broadly to address a range of technologies, including telephones and emerging
technology devices. Central to these is
the internet, which provides the mechanism for transporting data in a number of
formats including text, images, sound and video.
Impacts
of ICT:
In primitive age’s traditional
services, very poor services had been given through library. It’s very
difficult to find correct information which had been given. Students had no
choice. But now days due to ICT we can get information anytime & anywhere.
ICT has the potency of expanding pool of teachers & students & reducing
the cost of education. The Ministry of
human Resource development has already launched the nation mission on education
through ICT at a large scale.
Information and Communication Technology
Tools
Computer, Internet, Digital Camera, Webcam, Smart
Card, Scanner, E-Book, Printer, Electronic
Journals, WEB-OPAC, Animation, E-,Mail, CDROM, DVDRFID Technologies. Magnetic
disc/tape optical disk (CD/DVD), flash memory etc. and arguably also paper
rescores) technology for broadcasting information –radio, television; and
technology for communicating through voice and sound or images-microphones,
camera, loudspeaker, telephone to cellular phones.
ICT
based Services in Library:-
Many services is
provided through ICT. For the ICT every services easy to capture
knowledge.. In ICT to justify the
realization of five laws of modern library
services Especially third and fifth law
of Library Science is really coming true in current position. Library services include information about
all the services.
Online
Public Services, Information Services, Reference
& Information Service, Current awareness services, Documentary services, Interlibrary
loans union catalogue, Audiovisual services, Database Collection, Digital
Resources, Online /Off-line reservation, Electronic reference desk, User
education and training programmers ,Access to library catalogue, database,
internet, Circulation of books photocopying of article, Exhibition of New
arrival books and Journals
Impact of Information and Communication
Technology On Library & Its Services:
Libraries in India are facing
sweeping changes on account of Impact of Information, Communication and
Technology application in Libraries.
They are programming well in automating the house keeping operation if
Libraries, such as automated circulation system, acquisition of books, e-books,
acquision of periodicals, web pages and refining old services and starting
fresh ones.
ICT’s Areas of Applications in
Libraries:
·
Users Record , Reports ,Issue-Return, Articles Record, Portals, Planning
& Controls, Costing & Budget ,Locating Information ,E-mail ,OPAC
Impact of ICT on Library Services:
Ø Advent
of Printing Technology
Resulted in mass production of print documents and enabled
democratization of information (availability of information to one and all
without any discrimination)
Ø Storage
Help the Libraries to preserve the
large number of information in compact storage.
Ø Reprographic
Technology
Revolutionized the concept information use as it facilitated to
own a copy of relevant portion of Library resource
Ø Computer
The advent of computer is the biggest
technology revolution so far. It has not remained as standalone technology by
adopting communication & technology development.
1) Collection
development
ICT has made it possible to
acquire Information source such as books, journal, newspaper etc. easily and
speedily. Most of publication and their catalogue can be searched from the
Librarian for new publication. The acquisition In charge can place their order.
2) Technical
processing
Libraries provide their OPAC
to the use Book search. Due to Information Technology number of Libraries is
having their catalog online. The library staff can check the bibliographic
3) OPAC
An Online Public Access
Catalog is an online database of materials held by a library or group of
libraries. Users search a library catalog principally to locate books and other
material physically located at a library.
4) Circulation:
Due to new technology users
can check their documents easily. IF the document is relevance to the user
available the same can be issued to the users. If not available then it may to
reserve. The document can be issued electronically by making use of bar code
strip or RFI technology.
Resource Sharing
Due to increasing
cost of the document and non-availability of enough funds, libraries are unable
to provide each and every material to its users. But due to ICT library solved
this problem. The user can search the OPAC of other libraries or may ask the
Librarian to provide the desired document. Once he/she is able to search it.
He/she can request that library to give the document on Inter-Library-Loan.
Other Services:
Ø A
modern library provides Internet, Inranet and CD-ROM facilities and Document
supply, CAS, SDI services, Telecommunication technology, Telephone, Fax,
Library networks, Online retrieval services etc.
Ø Integrated
System of ICT in Libraries
Ø ICT
Facilitated to have Information on Different Forms
Ø E-journal,
E-book and Reference Sources
Ø Information
Overload
Ø Digital
Library
Ø Web
technology
The
Change and Challenges (Prospects):
With the ascent of digital
documents and digital libraries, library and information professionals’ role
has expanded and challenges have increased manifold. These challenges related
to collection management, knowledge digital preservation, online searching,
content management, knowledge management, and promoting the use of libraries
and networks. LIPs are required to work
as leaders, managers, and facilitators.
The ICT and the Internet has thrown open the doors to the LIPs to many
opportunities. Now 24*7 access to
information is available round the clock and the traditional constraints of
space and time stand collapsed. LIPs
have the opportunity to provide global reach to the indigenous knowledge.
Similarly, We can get access too
world’s knowledge and information through the Internet provided we have the
will, skill, and the appropriate attitude.
These opportunities and challenges can be handled effectively by
competent library personnel
They are facing a variety of
complex challenges from multiple sectors of the knowledge society in the 21st
Century. The Major Challenges are:
Ø
Information
explosion
Ø
Information
and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution
Ø
Explosive
growth and usage of web resources
Ø
Dwindling
Library budgets
Ø
Escalating
cost of printed documents
Ø
Intensive
use of digital resources
Ø
Heightened
level of users expectations
Ø
Interactive
virtual learning environment
Ø
Evolution
of virtual educational Institutions
Ø
Changing
nature and number of information resources
(Seminar Volume
09,Feb 2011)
ICT reduce labor and save time of
staff and users too. LAN provides cost
effectiveness in various services and allows secured resource sharing through
link to a variety of different communication devices. Internet and E-mail system enable the
students and scholars to remote access, worldwide communication among library
and information science societies has become easy with the help of E-mail.
The world wide librarians made their
catalogues available online which have online public access catalogues (OPAC)
generally available free of cost these are useful for finding books not
available locally to identify and select books for local acquisition,
bibliographic data verification and to search holding of periodical and
monographs. These can be accessed through
telnet, gopher and the World Wide Web.
Many OPACs have full text databases; libraries can use these databases
to queries form patrons. With the
emergence of ICT the areas library are expanded world. The available information present in the
library can be feed to homepage and made available to users anywhere.
ICT has provided new media, new
modes of storing and communicating information.
ICT brought many services to library to speed up their activities. It helps to remove barriers of communication,
distance and time. The advances in
technology will continue to improve the effectiveness of libraries. It helps to transfer data through
communication network like internet anywhere.
Some of the
advantages and future prospect information technology includes:
a.
Easy
to father different library activities.
b.
Collaboration
and creation of library networks
c.
Avoid
repetition of efforts within a library
d.
Increase
the range of services offered
e.
Save
the time of users
f.
Increase
efficiency
g.
Speedy
and easy access of information.
h.
Improve
the quality of library services
i.
Enhance
the knowledge and experience
j.
Integration
within the organizations
k.
Improve
the status of the library
l.
Improve
the communication facilities
m.
More
stable
n.
Helps
to attract the users
o.
Remove
access to users
p.
Round
the clock access too users
q.
Access
unlimited information from different sources
r.
More
up to date information
s.
Information
flexibility to the users
t.
Reforming
and combining of data from different
sources
u.
Reduce
the workload of the library staff
Conclusion:
It is done great expectations
from Information Communication Technology about future Challenges and Prospect.
Modern technology has radically altered the nature of our society and style of
working of the people. Library and
information services can’t lag behind and also require changing to the tune of
the progress of the civilization, keeping in view the requirement of time,
technological developments and global change.
Information Technology helps to
progress the rank of the library and it condense the work stack of the library
professions. Information Technology has
broken the worldwide boundaries, new apparatus and methods help to provide
better services to our clients.
ICT is not only
a technology but it manages with the library objectives with the adoption of
ICT, libraries can face the new and modern information techniques. ICT has
greatly affected the information environment.
Librarian must have the knowledge, skills and tools in handling digital
information and that will be the key success factor in enabling the library to
perform its role as an information support system for society.
Information
Communication Technology has functionally affected the operations of library
and information services and this is also great impact on the education and
training of the users and library teachers on various levels. The paper
presents the some of the positive challenges and advantage of ICT for
libraries, library services and development in very effectiveness.
ICT has provided
new media and conservation while offering efficiency and ease of use. It has
helped to remove barriers of communication, distance and time. The Prospect and
Challenges in technology are very appreciated in digital era.
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