“Positive Impact of
Information and Communication Technology Based Services in Library in Digital
Era”
Ramanik
S.Lengure ( Librarian)
Renuka Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur
Abstracts:
The article aims to give an
overview of the changes in library, which have taken place in the recent era
due to the dynamic innovation and widen horizons of information and
communication technologies (ICT) and show how these changes have influenced
services aspect of the library. The Present paper emphasizes and endeavors to
broaden the Positive impact of the ICT based services in Library. Information
Communication Technology has functionally affected the operations of library
and information services and this is also huge impact on the Library
Keywords:
Information Communication Technology
Introduction:
Everyday new technological
advances affect the way information is handled in libraries in every aspect.
Computing technology, communication technology and mass storage technology are
some of the areas of continuous development that reshape the way that libraries
access, retrieve, store, manipulate and disseminate information to users. The
academic library has been from its inception an integral part of institutions
of higher learning, rather than an appendix or adjunct.
ICT has one of the major factor
causing changes in the field of Library and Information Science which people or
user can communicate, retrieve and disseminate and used information. Libraries and information centers have been
using ICT based resources and services to satisfy the diverse information needs
of their users. However, these resources
and services are not utilized fully.
Under utilizations of these resources and services has been a cause of
concern to libraries worldwide. The use
of information and communication technologies has become increasingly important
in libraries. The libraries are
switching over to ICT based resources and services at an accelerated pace. E-Journals, CD-Rom, databases, online
databases, e-book, web based resources and a variety of other electronic
resources are fist replacing the traditional resources of libraries.
Privation and universalization shall
be the other social partner. This is wave brought forward by different emerging
technologies, which are often interactive, interdependent and diffusive,
information techlology, computer, communication, microelectronics, Genetic
engineering, Biotechnology and space technology are worthy to name.[1]
The
last two decades have witnessed a revolution caused by the rapid development Information
and Communication Technology (ICT). ICT has changed the dynamics of various
industries as well as influenced the way people interact and work in the
society.
The various kinds of ICT products
available and having relevance to education, such as teleconferencing, email,
audio conferencing, television lessons, radio broadcasts, interactive radio counseling,
interactive voice response system, audio cassettes and CD ROMs etc have been
used in education for difference purposes.[2]
Information Communication Technology
(ICT) is unanimously acknowledged as a significant catalyst for social
transformation and National progress of any country.
The role of ICT is diverse in the
delivery of good and highly competitive in all the four areas of education. It cannot
be separated from any of the areas. Increasingly available ICT materials
facilitate the Lerner as well as the teacher to enhance their horizon of
knowledge in order to meet out the challenging competitive educational
environment. Curriculum for the various levels should be modified in accordance
with the changing ICT environment.[3]
Information and Communication
Technology is the combination of science and technology and practice of
transmitting information. In a specific sense, ICT means communication of
information through technology, in which information is transmitted through
electronic gadgets and signals. In this process, the information or message
such as spoken works, photographs, live sense and sounds is first converted
into signals and then transmitted through electronic links. The processing ICT
permeates the library environment, it underpins the success of modern era, and
it provide college with efficient infrastructure libraries must be able to
benefit form technological development. To be able to do so, librarians have to
be educated with hand with ICT background, ICT development lead to change in
library work. ICT contributes to sustainable growth of library and their role
in shift towards knowledge based societies.[4]
Today the use of technology for
processing information has become inherent part of our lives. With the advances
of technology and motivation from the Government to use computers in resource
learning.
ICT does not involve the detailed
study of computers nor it is the study of computer programming. It is the
effective use of available information in its various forms with the help of
communication tools and technology. New technology and tools are becoming
available to us every day; it is an attempt to use the technology in library to
enrich the teaching-learning process.
Information:
“Information is
data that has been processed in such a way as
to be meaningful to the person who
receives it. [5]
Information Technology
IT (information technology) is a term that
encompasses all forms of technology used to create, store, exchange, and use information in its various forms (business data, voice
conversations, still images, motion pictures, multimedia presentations, and
other forms, including those not yet conceived). It's a convenient term for
including both telephony and computer technology in the same word. It is the
technology that is driving what has often been called "the information revolution."[6]
Communication:
Communication is a process by which
all forms of information are one person to other. So, for the communication to
take place there must be some information to be conveyed and there must be two
or more persons-one to deliver the massage and the
other
to receive it. Communication is said to be perfect, only when the receiver
understands it in the sense the sender expected him to understand.
Dale S. Beach defines communication
as “the transfer of information and understandings are reached among human
beings.[7]
ICT - What is it?
You see the letters ICT everywhere - particularly in education. But
what does it mean? Read our brief introduction to this important and
fast-changing subject.
ICT is an acronym that stands for Information Communications
Technology
However, apart from explaining an acronym, there is not a
universally accepted definition of ICT? Why? Because the concepts, methods and
applications involved in ICT are constantly evolving on an almost daily basis.
Its difficult to keep up with the changes - they happen so fast.
Lets focus
on the three words behind ICT:
- INFORMATION
- COMMUNICATIONS
- TECHNOLOGY
- COMMUNICATIONS
- TECHNOLOGY
A good way
to think about ICT is to consider all the uses of digital technology that
already exist to help individuals, businesses and organisations use
information.
ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve,
manipulate, transmits or receives information electronically in a digital form. For example, personal computers, digital television, email, robots.
So ICT is
concerned with the storage, retrieval, manipulation,
transmission or receipt of digital data.
Importantly, it is also concerned with the way these different uses can work
with each other. [8]
Information technology can play an
important role in the effective learning process of students. The term ICT
describes the use of computer based technology and the internet to make
information and communications services available to wide a range of users. ICT
are hardware and software that enable society to create, collect, consolidate
and communicate information in multimedia formats and for various
purposes. The term is used broadly to
address a range of technologies, including telephones and emerging technology devices. Central to these is the internet, which
provides the mechanism for transporting data in a number of formats including
text, images, sound and video.
ICT Metamorphosis
Concept:-
It’s a new coming and growing
digital concept. It is a digital, Technical, It related, Computer related. Information and Communication
technologies(ICTs)- which include radio and television, as well as newer
digital technologies such as computers and the Internet-have been touted as
potentially powerful enabling tools for
educational
change and reform. When used
appropriately, different ICT are said to help expand access to education,
strengthen the relevance of education to the increasingly digital workplace,
and raise educational quality by, among others, helping make teaching and
learning into an into an engaging, active process connected to real life. So
it’s a metamorphosis.
Information
Communication Technology:
ICT is becoming a part and parcel of
human life. The discoveries and inventions in science and technology have
improved the speed of communication. By making use of available tools, ICT is
helping common man to fulfill his needs. It has become integral part of new
era.
Importance
of ICT:
ICT referrers to forms of technology
that are used to transmit, store, create, share or exchange information.
E.g. : ICT
includes technologies such as radio, television, video, DVD, telephone
satellite systems, computer network, hardware and software, as well as the
equipment and services associated with these technologies, e.g. Video conference,
electronic mail, etc.
In
short we can say exchange of information through communication technology is
ICT. From the above definitions following are the six important elements of ICT-
People, Communication, Procedure,
Hardware, Software
Concept of ICT
Computer
Technology Computer Technology
|
Sender
|
Data
Creation
|
Printed Material
|
Data
Creation
|
Receiver
|
|
Data
Collection
|
Scanner
|
Data
Collection
|
||
|
Process
|
Telephone
|
Process
|
||
|
Storages
|
Web
Camera
|
Storage
|
||
|
Retrieving
|
Radio,
TV
|
Retrieving
|
||
|
Presentation
|
Internet
|
Presentation
|
[9]
Needs of ICT in Libraries:
According to Arora, the following
are some of the essential application of ICT in libraries.
1.
IT
Facilities wider access to information for the users.
2.
It
increases productivity of library staff. It relieves staff from routine work.
3.
IT
improves quality of reader services rendered by library.
4.
IT
handle effective and efficient a huge quantum of information.
5.
IT
helps in rendering those services that was not possible in traditional methods.
6.
IT facilitates improved management of physical and
financial resources. [10]
Existing Users
and New Challenges:
ICT itself is the set of activities
that facilitate by electronic means the processing, transmission, and display
of information. ICT has become a powerful tool in the fight against world
poverty, providing developing countries with an unprecedented opportunity to
meet vital development goals, such as poverty reduction, basic health care, and
education, far more effectively than before.
Information era, digital computer
and networking have changed the economy concept to the economy with no boundary
in time and space. This phenomenon is called as digital economy or economy
network. ICT brings lot of advantages for the economic development enabling millions
of transactions to happen in an easy and fast way.[11]
Information and Communication Technology Tools / (Sources)
The 21st century has clearly shown that
information provides unforeseen opportunities that enable multifaceted growth
and development. Nobody can deny that
the deployment of information technologies have profoundly altered not only the
way we live and work but also our reading fundamentally altering and redefining
our outlook about information and its modes of dissemination
The
term is something is used in preference to Information Technology, particularly
in two communities, education and government.
Although, in the common usage it is often assumed that ICT is synonymous
with IT; ICT in fact encompasses any medium to record information.
Microform
Storage Cabinet, Telnet, File Transfer Protocol, Newsgroups and message Boards,
Chatting, Instant Messaging, Mailing Lists, WAIS, Gopher, ARCHIE, VERONICA, USENET,
Microfilm Machine (reader com printer), Xerox Copying Machine, Film Slide Projector,
Computer, Fax Machine, Printer (Black & While / Color), V.C.R., Television,
Overhead Projector, PCs, Laptops, Inverter, Net book, CD-ROMs, Video-discs, Telephone,
Internet, Scanner, U.P.S., Radios, Cable TV., Satellite Communication, Local
and Wide area Networks, Computer Laptop, Printer, Plotter, WI-FI Connection, Digital
Cameras, Web-Cameras, Video-Conferencing System, CD/DVD, Audio-Cassettes, Video-Tapes,
LCD, Wireless Networks, Video Multimedia, Video Tapes, Computer,
Internet, Digital Camera, Webcam, Smart Card, Scanner, E-Book, Printer, Electronic
Journals, WEB-OPAC, Animation, CDROM, DVD etc.
Suggestion: About
ICT Based Services through College Library
|
Information
about the Fax/Xerox should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Television should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Mobile Phones should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Computer should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Internet should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Digital Camera is
available through your college library
|
|
Information
about the Webcam should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Smart Card should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Scanner should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the E-Journals should be made available through your college library
|
|
Information
about the E-Book should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Web-OPAC should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the RFID-Technology should be made available through your college
library
|
|
Information
about the Telephone should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Web Camera should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Radio should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Artificial Satellite should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Satellite System should
be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Computer Network is made
available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Video Conferencing is
made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Audio Cassettes should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Video Tapes should
be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Audio & Video CDs should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the e-learning Facilities should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Wireless Network should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Wi-FI Technology should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Blue tooth Service is
made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Blogs should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Telephone should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Internet should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the video should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the DVD should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Computer Networks
should be made made available through
college library
|
|
Information
about the Video-conferencing should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the E-mail should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the World Wide Web should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Web should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Audio-Cassettes is made
available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Video-tapes is made
available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Audio-Video CDs is made
available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Multimedia Videos should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the E-learning should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Wireless Networks should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Online Forum should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Online Conferences should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Online reference service should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Electronic Current Awareness
should be made available through
college library
|
|
Information
about the OPAC is made available
through college library
|
|
Information
about the Electronic ILLS should be made available through college library
|
|
Information
about the Electronic Bulletin Board is
made available through college library
|
Impact of Information and Communication Technology on Library
& Its Services:
Libraries in India are facing sweeping changes on account
of Impact of Information, Communication and Technology application in
Libraries. They are programming well in
automating the house keeping operation if Libraries, such as automated
circulation system, acquisition of books, e-books, acquision of periodicals,
web pages and refining old services and starting fresh ones.
ICT’s Areas of
Applications in Libraries:
Users
Record, Reports, Issue-Return, Articles Record, Portals, Planning &
Controls, Costing & Budget, Locating Information, E-mail, OPAC
What
is the Impact of ICT on the Library?
o
ICT made in information creation in digital format possible
o
ICT made online access and file transfer possible
o
ICT made networking and sharing of information resources possible
Impact of ICT on Library Services:
Ø Advent
of Printing Technology
Resulted
in mass production of print documents and enabled democratization of
information (availability of information to one and all without any
discrimination)
Ø Storage
Help the Libraries to preserve the large number of information
in compact storage.
Ø Reprographic
Technology
Revolutionized
the concept information use as it facilitated to own a copy of relevant portion
of Library resource
Ø Computer
The advent of computer is the biggest technology revolution so
far. It has not remained as stand alone technology by adopting communication
& technology development.
1)
Collection development
ICT has made it possible to acquire Information source such as
books, journal, newspaper etc. easily and speedily. Most of publication and their
catalogue can be searched from the Librarian for new publication. The
acquisition In charge can place their order.
2)
Technical processing
Libraries provide their OPAC to the use Book search. Due to
Information Technology number of Libraries is having their catalog online. The
library staff can check the bibliographic
3)
OPAC
An Online Public Access Catalog is an online database of materials
held by a library or group of libraries. Users search a library catalog
principally to locate books and other material physically located at a library.
4)
Circulation:
Due to new technology users can check their documents easily. IF
the document is relevance to the user available the same can be issued to the
users. If not available then it may to reserve. The document can be issued
electronically by making use of bar code strip or RFI technology.
Resource
Sharing
Due
to increasing cost of the document and non-availability of enough funds,
libraries are unable to provide each and every material to its users. But due
to ICT library solved this problem. The user can search the OPAC of other
libraries or may ask the Librarian to provide the desired document. Once he/she
is able to search it. He/she can request that library to give the document on
Inter-Library-Loan.
Positive Impact of ICT Based Services:
Its provide greater and easier access information.
Its allows access to computers and the internet for everybody, so that a divide
does not built up between those who do not possess computers. It’s give access
to digital learning materials, which are set to increase in both quality and quantity.
To provide staff expertise to seek out information or learning materials-staff
become skilled gatekeepers not just of printed sources but of the digitized
ones too. Its assist people to develop their Information Communication
Technology skill for accessing information. To identify and understand the
function of main component of a typical information and or communication system
as well as to identify and understand the function. It maintain an effective
staff development programs to ensure that Information Communication Technology
staff continue to develop necessary skills to provide high quality services and
support [12]
In library
services provides with ICT
With the help of ICT Students
interacts with the Information programme.
All
other aspects of library programme which have not been enforced in the formal
instructional system untouched by both learner and users.
ICT has provided new media, new
modes of storing and communication information. ICT brought many services t library to speed up
their activities. It helps to remove barriers of communication, distance and
time. The advances in technology will continue to improve the effectives of
libraries. Help to transfer data to communication network like interne anywhere.
It provides enormous search speed and facilities. It helps to strengthen
communication and collaboration among research, government and educational
institutions. The world wide librarians made their catalogues available online
which have online public catalogues (OPAC) generally available free of cost
these are useful for finding books not available locally to identify and select
books for local acquisition, bibliography data verification and to search
holding of periodical and monographs. These can be access through telnet,
gopher, and the World Wide Web. The available information present in the
libraries can be fed to home page and made available to users anywhere [13]
ICT reduce labor and save time of
staff and users too. LAN provides cost
effectiveness in various services and allows secured resource sharing through
link to a variety of different communication devices. Internet and E-mail system enable the
students and scholars to remote access, worldwide communication among library
and information science societies has become easy with the help of E-mail.
The world wide librarians made their
catalogues available online which have online public access catalogues (OPAC)
generally available free of cost these are useful for finding books not
available locally to identify and select books for local acquisition,
bibliographic data verification and to search holding of periodical and
monographs. These can be accessed
through telnet, gopher and the World Wide Web.
Many OPACs have full text databases; libraries can use these databases
to queries form patrons. With the
emergence of ICT the areas library are expanded world. The available information present in the
library can be feed to homepage and made available to users anywhere.
ICT has provided new media, new
modes of storing and communicating information.
ICT brought many services to library to speed up their activities. It helps to remove barriers of communication,
distance and time. The advances in
technology will continue to improve the effectiveness of libraries. It helps to transfer data through
communication network like internet anywhere.
Some
of the advantages information technology includes:
a.
Easy to father different library
activities.
b.
Collaboration and creation of library
networks
c.
Avoid repetition of efforts within a
library
d.
Increase the range of services offered
e.
Save the time of users
f.
Increase efficiency
g.
Speedy and easy access of information.
h.
Improve the quality of library services
i.
Enhance the knowledge and experience
j.
Integration within the organizations
k.
Improve the status of the library
l.
Improve the communication facilities
m. More
stable
n.
Helps to attract the users
o.
Remove access to users
p.
Round the clock access too users
q.
Access unlimited information from
different sources
r.
More up to date information
s.
Information flexibility to the users
t.
Reforming and combining of data from different sources
u.
Reduce the workload of the library staff
Conclusion:
- Present
paper very useful for library
- ICT
based service performance in library is very positively
- Positive
ICT based services is very useful for
library developing
- Positive
ICT based services is very useful to library development
- It
is very necessary to make the changes in library by using these latest
technologies.
- Library
and information services can’t lag behind and also require changing to
the tune of the progress of the civilization, keeping in view the
requirement of time, technological developments and global change.
- ICT has greatly affected the information
environment. Librarian must have
the knowledge, skills and tools in handling digital information and that
will be the key success factor in enabling the library to perform its
role as an information support system for society.
- Information Communication Technology has
functionally affected the operations of library and information services
and this is also positively great impact on the education and training of
the users and library teachers on various levels.
- The paper presents the some of the positive
challenges and advantage of ICT for libraries, library services and
development in very effectiveness.
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